pSOL - High Temperature Electrode Ionomer and Binder
Please note that this material has been discontinued.
pSOL is a high temperature electrode ionomer and binder in order to improve the ionic conductivity across the catalyst layer and at the interface of the catalyst layer's surface and iPEM membrane. This novel and advanced ionomer/binder product conducts protons at high temperatures without humidification and has excellent stability at 200 deg C in various electrochemical devices. Polymer composition for pSOL binder/ionomer product is given on the right side. pSOL displays very good fuel cell performance when paired with iPEM product, a high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane.
Fuel cell related IV curves (also known as polarization curves or IE curves) for pSOL binder/ionomer using electrodes and iPEM membrane based MEA with H2/O2, H2/Air, and H2-CO/O2 reactants are given below, on the left side (courtesy of Gokul Venugopalan et al.). Hydrogen pump related performance curve using pSOL electrodes with iPEM membrane with syngas is given below, on the right side (courtesy of Gokul Venugopalan et al.).
An article by Gokul Venugopalan et al. entitled "Stable and highly conductive polycation-polybenzimidazole membrane blends for intermediate temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells" that discusses phosphoric acid uptake, per base moiety, ion exchange capacity, mechanical properties, thermal stability, and electrochemical performance of MEAs with iPEM membrane and pSOL ionomer in a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell environment (with H2/O2, H2/Air, and reformate/O2 reactants), IV curves of up to 2.5 A/cm2 current densities, longevity test with pure H2 and reformate streams at current densities of 1 A/cm2 to 1.5A/cm2 range, and other characterization results.
An article by Gokul Venugopalan et al. entitled "Correlating high temperature thin film ionomer electrode binder properties to hydrogen pump polarization" that invesigates the use of polycation-PBI blend membrane in a hydrogen pump setup with an MEA that has pSOL as the ionomer and binder for the used catalyst and electrodes.
An article by Gokul Venugopalan et al. entitled "Electrochemical pumping for challenging hydrogen separations" that invesigates the use of polycation-PBI blend membrane for an MEA with pSOL being the ionomer/binder for electrodes specifically for hydrogen separation/purification from a fuel/reformate stream with other species such as CO, CO2, CH4, N2 and achieving high purity and high recovery rates for H2.
Membrane Properties | |
Membrane | Polycation-PBI blend (polysulfone with quaternary benzyl pyridinium functional group and polybenzimidazole in the form of a blend membrane) |
Thickness | 60 µm (microns) +/- 15 µm (microns) |
Appearance / Color | Cloudy / Orange |
Conductivity (mS/cm) | >100 mS/cm at 150 deg C after its activation with phosphoric acid |
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